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HSK 7–9 · 者

者 — the one who

者 turns a description into a noun naming a person or a thing.

규칙 者 attaches to a description to make a noun: 消费者 (consumer), 参加者, 前者/后者。
No 的 after 者: 参加者, never 参加者的人.
两者 / 三者 = the two / three already named: 两者缺一不可。
或者, 再者 and 何者 use the same character but have become words in their own right.
Against 的: 参加的人 is spoken, 参加者 is written — the same meaning.
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