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HSK 7–9 · 是以 · 故 · 由此
故, 是以, 由此 — drawing the conclusion
Three written ways of saying therefore, ranging from formal to very formal.
The rule
故 = therefore — the classical 所以: 天气恶劣，故比赛延期。
是以 / 是故 = for that reason — more formal still, at home in argumentative prose.
由此 = from this — leading into an inference: 由此可见, 由此可知。
因而 / 从而 = and thus — the commoner modern connectives for a logical result.
由此可见 is a set phrase learnt whole.
是以 / 是故 = for that reason — more formal still, at home in argumentative prose.
由此 = from this — leading into an inference: 由此可见, 由此可知。
因而 / 从而 = and thus — the commoner modern connectives for a logical result.
由此可见 is a set phrase learnt whole.
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